The 12v to 5v dc converter is a type of buck converter. The best and easiest way to use the LM7805 Regulator IC circuit is to reduce or cut down the dc to voltage to the required voltage of 5v dc. so in this post I would like to share you with the perfect circuit diagram to build a 12v to 5v dc converter using some electronic components.
12v to 5v DC converter circuit
Components required
| Component name | Value | Quantity |
|---|---|---|
| Regulator IC | LM7805 | 1 |
| Transistor | TIP42 PNP | 1 |
| Capacitor | 220uf, 22uf, 0.1uf | 1,1,2 |
| Resistor | 4.7 ohms 1 watt | 1 |
| Heatsink | – | 2 |
Working
LM7805 voltage regulator IC is using to convert 12v dc to 5v, additional PNP transistor is connected with the circuit to boost the output current. The standalone voltage regulator IC can deliver up to 1 Amps. So the TIP42 transistors helps to boost the current to up to 3 amps.
A 220 uf electrolytic capacitor is using to filter the input 12v dc. Also the 22uf is connected at the out put stage to filter the output 5v dc voltage.
How to convert 12v to 5V DC?
you can convert the 12v dc supply to 5v dc using a small DC Regulator IC of LM7805. The IC comes with a three terminals and PIN 1 is input pin, you can provide the 12v dc input here. The PIN 2 is ground pin, you need to connect to the negative supply of the circuit.
Connect the 12v dc power to the input pin and get the regulated voltage of 5v at the PIN number 3. You can use additional capacitors and transistors to boost the circuit functions.
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